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Mina do Chança 1 – Sericite - DP/EC91 EarthCache

Hidden : 5/12/2017
Difficulty:
3 out of 5
Terrain:
3 out of 5

Size: Size:   other (other)

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Geocache Description:


Preamble:

The São Domingos and Chança mines are located in the municipality of Mértola and are examples of polymetallic sulphide deposits of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB), formed in a marine environment, during the Upper Devonian (approximately 382 to 359 Ma). The mineralized structures are formed by masses of massive ore and stockworks, associated with volcanic and sedimentary rocks affected by hydrothermal alteration (silica, chlorite and sericite) of the Volcano-Sedimentary Complex (VSC) of the IPB. In both cases, the deposits outcrop, being represented by iron caps, corresponding to the zone of supergenic enrichment and consequent oxidation of the sulphides. 5 km apart, the two mines were exploited in Roman times and in the nineteenth century, and both were concessioned to Mason & Barry. (Source: Matos, JX, Pereira, Z, Batista, MJ, de Oliveira, D. 2014)

Chança Mine: Geological setting:

The Chança Mine is located in the northern sector of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) in the Volcano-Sedimentary Complex (VSC – Famennian to Upper Visean in age) lineament that includes, in Portugal, the old Chança Mine and, in Spain, the old mines of Vuelta Falsa, El Carmen, San Fernando, Los Silos, Romanera, El Cura and Sierrecilla.

The mineralisation is associated with E-W orientated VSC rhyolitic structure. The local sequence is made up of porphyritic felsic volcanic lavas and volcanic breccias, locally in contact with the sediments forming peperite structures and siliceous shales. The Chança VSC sequence is overlain by the Gafo Formation (Frasnian age), which is made up of shales, greywackes and intrusive volcanic rocks.

There is intense hydrothermal alteration associated with the massive sulphides marked by chlorite, quartz-sericite and sericite. (Source: Matos, JX, Inverno, CMC, Morais, I, Albardeiro, L.2017 – EXPLORA Field Exploration Workshop I – Field Trip Book)

 

Mineralisation: Mining took place during the Roman occupation of the peninsula and during the 19th and 20th Centuries.

Mineralised lenses are orientated as NNW-ESE and plunging to the NE. Exploration drill holes confir the presence of >100m of stockwork structures hosted in rhyolites and furthermore suggests the existence of several metric massive sulphide lenses.

Primary mineralisation is present in the form of pyrite (FeS2), chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and sphalerite (ZnS) occurring in both stockworks and massive ores.

The Chança deposit is also affected by supergene alteration and this is shown by the occurrence of hematite, limonite, goethite, probable cuprite and sulphates.

Sericite:

Sericite is a fine grained mica, similar to muscovite, illite, or paragonite. Sericite is a common alteration mineral of orthoclase or plagioclase feldspars in areas that have been subjected to hydrothermal alteration typically associated with copper, tin, or other hydrothermal ore deposits. Sericite also occurs as the fine mica that gives the sheen to phyllite and schistose metamorphic rocks.

The name comes from Latin sericus, meaning "silken" in reference to the location from which silk was first utilized, which in turn refers to the silky sheen of rocks with abundant sericite. (Source: Here)

The EarthCache:

At the indicated coordinates you are on atop an outcrop of strongly sericitised volcanic rocks. The volcanic rock is the greenest.

To validate your presence and demonstrate that you have learned to identify the sericite, you will have to answer three questions:

1- What is the color of sericite?

2. Is sericite present in distinct veins or individual crystals?

3. Are the crystals or veins straight or curved?

If you feel you have all the answers correct, please log your found but also send me the answers via e-mail so I can check them. If I don’t answer you it is because they are correct and you have another found.Please note that when you e-mail me, please supply the reference (GC7B3VV) and name (Mina do Chança 1 – Sericite - DP/EC91) of the cache and please click on the “I want to send my e-mail address along with this message” so that when I reply to you the messages don’t go into e-mail heaven (or hell).

 

Preâmbulo:

As minas de São Domingos e de Chança localizam-se no concelho de Mértola e constituem exemplos de jazigos de sulfuretos maciços polimetálicos da Faixa Piritosa Ibérica (FPI), formados em ambiente marinho, durante o Devónico superior (382 a 359 Ma aproximadamente). As estruturas mineralizadas são formadas por massas de minério maciço e de tipo stockwork (veios entrecruzados), associadas a rochas vulcânicas e sedimentares afectadas por alteração hidrotermal (sílica, clorite e sericite) do Complexo Vulcano-Sedimentar (CVS) da FPI. Em ambos os casos, os jazigos afloram à superfície, estando representados por chapéus de ferro, correspondentes à zona de enriquecimento supergénico e consequente oxidação dos sulfuretos. Distanciadas entre si cerca de 5 km, as duas minas foram exploradas na época romana e no século XIX, tendo sido ambas concessionadas à empresa Mason & Barry. (Fonte: Matos, JX, Pereira, Z, Batista, MJ, de Oliveira, D. 2014)

Mina do Chança: Enquadramento geológico

Localizada no vale do rio Chança, a mina de Chança constitui um pequeno jazigo de sulfuretos maciços (pirite acompanhada de rara calcopirite, esfalerite e galena), com amplos stockwork intersetados em sondagem. A mina foi concessionada em 1877, laborando em pequenos períodos através de escavações de poços e de galerias. O chapéu de ferro é formado por hematite, limonite, goethite, sílica e provável cuprite e está bem exposto em Portugal, no Cerro das Minas e no Cerro do Ouro, e em Espanha junto ao poço de Tremancia. Com uma possança inferior a 40 m, a estrutura mineralizada apresenta uma atitude WNW-ESSE, 45NE.

As rochas encaixantes incluem -se no CVS, sendo representadas por lavas riolíticas, brechas vulcanoclásticas e pomíticas e xistos siliciosos. Estas litologias estão bastante deformadas e foram afetadas por alteração hidrotermal, bem expressa no corte geológico ao longo do rio. A mina de Chança situa-se no extremo ocidental de um alinhamento de jazigos de pirite espanhóis que inclui de oeste para leste Vuelta Falsa, El Carmen, San Fernando, Los Silos, Romanera, El Cura e Sierrecilla. (Source: Matos, JX, Inverno, CMC, Morais, I, Albardeiro, L.2017 – EXPLORA Seminário de Prospecção I – Livro de Campo)

Sericite:

Sericite (do latim sericus, sedoso) é uma mica de grão fino, geralmente moscovite, mais raramente illite ou paragonite. Trata-se de um comum mineral de alteração de ortoclase ou plagioclase em locais que foram sujeitos a alteração hidrotermal, tipicamente associada a depósitos minerais hidrotermais de cobre e estanho, entre outros. A sericite pode ocorrer também na forma de mica fina que dá o aspecto brilhante aos filitos e rochas metamórficas xistentas. (Fonte: Aqui)

A EarthCache:

Nas coordenadas indicadas estás em cima de um afloramento de rochas vulcânicas fortemente alteradas por sericitização. A rocha vulcânica é a mais esverdeada.

Para validares a tua presença e demonstrares que aprendeste a identificar a sericite, vais ter que responder a três perguntas:

  1. Qual é a cor de sericite?
  2. A sericite está presente em veios distintos ou cristais individuais?
  3. Os cristais ou veios são direitos ou curvos?

Se achas que tens as respostas correctas, faz o teu log de "found", mas envia-me também as respostas por e-mail para que eu possa vê-las. Se eu não te responder é porque elas estão correctas.
Por favor, nota que quando me enviares um e-mail, por favor forneçe a referência (GC7B3VV) e nome (Mina do Chança 1 – Sericite - DP/EC91) da cache e clica em “I want to send my e-mail address along with this message”para que quando eu responder as mensagens não sigam para o saco roto do geocaching.com.

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