GC13Z3E No Paço do Terreiro [Lisboa] (Traditional Cache) in Lisboa, Portugal created by Team Hulkman

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GC13Z3E ▼

A cache by Team Hulkman Message this owner

Hidden : 6/28/2007

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Size: Size: other (other)

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Português

A Praça do Comércio, mais conhecida por Terreiro do Paço, é uma praça da Baixa de Lisboa situada junto ao Rio Tejo, na zona que foi o local do palácio dos reis de Portugal durante cerca de dois séculos.

Em 1511, o rei D. Manuel I transferiu a sua residência do Castelo de São Jorge para este sítio junto ao rio. Este palácio, bem como a sua biblioteca de 70.000 volumes, foram destruídos pelo terramoto de 1755. Na reconstrução, a praça tornou-se no elemento fundamental do plano do Marquês de Pombal. Os novos edifícios, com arcadas que circundam a praça, foram ocupados por ministérios e serviços públicos, com excepção do famoso café Martinho da Arcada, um dos preferidos de Fernando Pessoa.

Após a Revolução de 1910 os edifícios foram pintados a cor-de-rosa republicano. Contudo, voltaram recentemente à sua cor original, o amarelo. O lado sul, com as suas duas torres quadradas, está virado para o Tejo. Essa foi sempre a entrada nobre de Lisboa e, nos degraus de mármore do Cais das Colunas, vindos do rio, desembarcam chefes de estado e outras figuras de destaque (como Isabel II de Inglaterra ou Gungunhana). Ainda é possível experimentar essa impressionante entrada em Lisboa nos cacilheiros, os barcos que ligam a cidade a Cacilhas. Hoje, o espectáculo é prejudicado pelo trânsito na Avenida da Ribeira das Naus, que corre ao longo da margem. No centro da praça, vê-se a estátua equestre de D. José I, erigida em 1775 por Machado de Castro, o principal escultor português do século XVIII. Ao longo dos anos, a estátua de bronze ganhou uma patina verde. No lado norte da praça, encontra-se o Arco Triunfal da Rua Augusta, é a entrada para a Baixa.

A 1 de Fevereiro de 1908, o rei D. Carlos e seu filho Luís Filipe foram assassinados quando passavam na praça. No dia 25 de Abril de 1974, a praça assistiu à Revolta do Movimento das Forças Armadas, que derrubou o governo de Marcello Caetano e o Estado Novo, numa revolução sem derrame de sangue. A área serviu como parque de estacionamento durante os anos 90, mas hoje este vasto espaço é usado para eventos culturais e espectáculos.

English

The Praça do Comércio Commerce Square) is located in the city of Lisbon, Portugal. Situated near the Tagus river, the square is still commonly known as Terreiro do Paço (Palace Square), because it was the location of the Royal Ribeira Palace until it was destroyed by the great 1755 Lisbon Earthquake. After the earthquake, the square was completely remodelled as part of the rebuilding of the Pombaline Downtown ordered by the Marquis of Pombal.

History
Urban development of the banks of the Tagus (the Ribeira) was given a definitive impulse in the early 1500s, when King Manuel I built a new royal residence - the Ribeira Palace - by the river, outside the city walls. The area was further developed with the building of a port, ship building facilities (the Ribeira das Naus) and other administrative buildings that regulated the commerce between Portugal and other parts of Europe and its colonies in Africa, Asia and America.

Statue of King José I, by Machado de Castro (1775). The King on his horse is symbolically crushing snakes on his path.On November 1, 1755, during the reign of King José I, a great earthquake followed by a tsunami and fire destroyed most of Lisbon, including the Ribeira Palace and other buildings by the river. José I's Prime Minister, the Marquis of Pombal, coordinated a massive rebuilding effort in the enlightened spirit of the time. The Royal Palace was not to be rebuilt, and the square was given a regular, rational arrangement in line with the reconstruction of the new Pombaline Downtown, the Baixa.

The large square (170 m by 170m) in front of the Ribeira Palace, called Terreiro do Paço (Palace Square), was rebuilt following the symmetrical design of Portuguese architect Eugénio dos Santos. He designed a large, rectangular square in the shape of an "U", open towards the Tagus river. The buildings have galleries on their groundfloors, and the arms of the "U" end in two large towers, reminiscent of the monumental tower of the destroyed Ribeira Palace, still vivid in the architectonic memory of the city. His plan was realised almost completely, although decorative details were changed and the east tower of the square and the Augusta Street Arch were only finished in the 19th century.

The square was named Praça do Comércio, the Square of Commerce, to indicate its new function in the economy of Lisbon. The symmetrical buildings of the square were filled with government bureaus that regulated customs and port activities. The main piece of the ensemble was the equestrian statue of King José I, inaugurated in 1775 in the centre of the square. This bronze statue, the first monumental statue dedicated to a King in Lisbon, was designed by Joaquim Machado de Castro, Portugal's foremost sculptor of the time.

Opening towards the Augusta Street, which links the square with the other tradicional Lisbon square, the Rossio, the original project by Eugénio dos Santos planned a triumphal arch, only realised in 1875. This arch, usually called the Arco da Rua Augusta, was designed by Veríssimo da Costa. It has a clock and statues of the Glory, Ingenuity and Valour (by the French sculptor Camels) and those of Viriatus, Nuno Álvares Pereira, Vasco da Gama and, of course, the Marquis of Pombal.