"Flood" cellars of Chlaba - south Slovakia
Posted by: 
Rikitan
N 47° 49.698 E 018° 49.311
34T E 336985 N 5299513
In 1838, when flood on Danube river flushed houses of village Chlaba away .. it settlers escaped to higher situated place above their village and hollowed their temporary homes directly into tuffs of mountain Burda.
Waymark Code: WMJMNA
Location: Nitriansky kraj, Slovakia
Date Posted: 12/05/2013
Views: 11
Two or three dozens of earth homes can be seen in the centre of village
Chlaba (hun. Helemba) near slovak-hungarian border.
Most of
these small doors along a village' main street lead to
wine cellars nowadays, but they have interesting history.
First settlement of 30 houses at place of current village is documented back to year 1124, completely destroyed by Tatar hordes attacking town of Esztergom in 1242.
Settlers than moved their homes to Danube island, but it was ruined again - by Turks in 17th century.
Third settlement was then flushed by great flood on Danube river in 1838.
Inhabitants of village escaped to higher elevated places and
excavated these temporary homes directly to tuffs of mountain Burda.
After they built their new houses, people of
Chlaba started to use these cellars to store grapevine and process it to wine.
Cellars are hollowed in the hill one by one, next to each other. Front side is often reinforced by brick or stone wall with doors in the middle.
There's a vent above each door to secure air circulation inside.
Interior is typically 7.5 to 11 metres long (deep), 2.2 - 2.5 metres wide and about 2 metres high.
Cellars represent unique folk architecture. Their current technical state does not require any larger building interventions in addition to routine maintenance.
In 2007, six of the cellars, preserved in their authentic form, were registered in the List of the national cultural monuments.
More info / sources:
sturovo.com (website available only for visitors from SK, HU and CZ domains!,
SME.sk, own visit and pictures
Dve, ci tri desiatky dvierok do akychsi pivnic zaujmu kazdeho navstevnika, prechadzajuceho obcou
Chlaba "na konci sveta" pri madarskych hraniciach nedaleko Sturova.
Vacsina z nich dnes vedie do vinnych pivnich, ale okrem pozoruhodneho umiestnenia je zaujimavy aj pribeh ich vzniku.
Prva pisomna zmienka o obci pochadza z roku 1138
pod nazvom Helemba. Prve osidlenie s 30 domami bolo dokladovane uz v roku 1124, ktore uplne znicili Tatari,
ked utocili na Ostrihom v roku 1242. Obyvatelia sa preto sustredili na Dunajsky ostrov, kde vybudovali druhu osadu.
Tu v 17. storoci vyplienili turecke najazdy, z tohto dovodu si obyvatelia vybudovali tretiu osadu.
Tu zase zaplavila voda v roku 1838 - voda Ipla a Dunaja siahala az po kominy domov. Obyvatelia utekajuci pred povodnou boli prinuteni vytvorit si nahradne obydlia.
Vykopali
pivnice priamo do svahu tufového pohoria Burda, ktore sa tiahne po celom vonkajsom obvode sucasnej obce.
Vzniknute pivnice teda povodne
plnili funkciu docasnych obydli.
Po vybudovani novych domov ich ludia zacali vyuzivat na uskladnenie a spracovanie hrozna.
Vinne pivnice su cele vytesane vo svahu pohoria Burda v rade vedla seba. Iba predna stena je domurovana z tehal ci kamena, v strede su vsadene vstupne dvere.
Nad dverami je maly vetraci otvor. Maju dlzku 7,5 az 11 m, sirku 2,2 - 2,5 m a vysku okolo dvoch metrov. Podlahou je utlacena zemina.
Vnutorne priestory boli spevnene technikou vypalovania, v niektorych je vytesany maly bocny priestor.
Po stranach su ulozene kamenne klady s doskami na ulozenie sudov s vinom. Je tu priestor na uskladnenie zeleniny a naradia na spracovanie hrozna.
Pivnice predstavuju jedinecne pamiatky ludovej architektury. Ich sucasny stavebno-technicky stav nevyzaduje ziadne vacsie stavebne zasahy okrem beznej udrzby.
Su zachovane v autentickej podobe.
V roku 2007 zaradili 6 pivnic medzi
pamiatky ludovej architektury, ktore sa zaregistrovali do zoznamu Fondu narodnych kulturnych pamiatok.
Viac informácií / zdroje:
sturovo.com (website available only for visitors from SK, HU and CZ domains!,
SME.sk, vlastna navsteva a fotky