Castil de Tierra, Bardenas Reales, Navarra
Posted by: Groundspeak Premium Member g300td
N 42° 12.613 W 001° 30.953
30T E 622507 N 4674182
A geologically interesting area in Navarra, Spain.
Waymark Code: WMFZEJ
Location: Comunidad Foral de Navarra, Spain
Date Posted: 12/23/2012
Published By:Groundspeak Regular Member condor1
Views: 3

"The Bárdenas Reales is a semi-desert natural region, or badlands, of some 42,000 hectares (100,000 acres) in southeast Navarre (Spain). The soils are made up of clay, chalk and sandstone and have been eroded by water and wind creating surprising shapes, canyons, plateaus, tabular structures and isolated hills, called seamounts. Bárdenas lacks urban areas, vegetation is scarce and the many streams that cross the territory have a markedly seasonal flow, staying dry most of the year.
Las Bárdenas are divided into several distinct areas where mainly include two, Bárdena White and Black, but there are other smaller areas of great singularity
White Bárdena
It is the central area and more desert. Its relief is characterized by extensive plains and deep gorges through which rivers flow. This Bárdena owes its name to the presence of white salt that extend over the surface due to the abundance of gypsum in the soil.
The White Bárdena divides into two, the White Lower and Upper White. The first is the most depressed and the second extending from Pisquerra and Eguaras to Carcastillo.
Black Bárdena
Negreiros Bárdena is situated in the south-eastern part of the territory on the border of the Autonomous Community of Aragon. Formed by plateaus of different altitudes and cut by rivers flowing at the bottom of the cliffs, this part of the Bárdenas is covered with vegetation.
Central Plateau
There is a central plateau that lies 100 metres above the surrounding area where corn is grown. It is formed by Tertiry and Quarterney soils that were raised by pressure associated with the creation of the Pyrenees and the mountains of Central Spain that caused the collapse of the Ebro basin forming an inland sea enclosed by the Cordillera Catalana Costal. Sediments laid down were then eroded from the Eocene onwards. These formed gravel and sandstone that stayed at the top, fine sand, clay and limestone occupy the lower slopes. Clay remained in the centre and limestone and gypsum formed at the edges. The gravels, sandstones and clay were all assoiciated with alluvial deposits. Mixtures of sandstone and clay formed two mountain ranges in between the centre and perimeter. The sediments may have been 4 metres thick. Ten millions years ago the basin opened to the Mediterranean Sea and drained, leaving the Ebro which began water erosion along the southern perimeter. This left the remaining land relatively flat. The folding effect of erosion is caused by the alternate soft and hard materials. If the layers are horizontal then the Cabezas become isolated"
Wikipedia-Text.
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