Hôpital de la Salpêtrière
N 48° 50.376 E 002° 21.796
31U E 453278 N 5409820
[FR] L'hôpital de la Salpêtrière est un hôpital de l'Assistance publique situé dans le 13e arrondissement de Paris. [EN] The Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital is a world-renowned teaching hospital located in Paris.
Waymark Code: WM44KW
Location: France
Date Posted: 07/06/2008
Views: 129
[FR] En 1656, Louis XIV confia à l'architecte Libéral Bruant la construction d'un hôpital à l'emplacement du petit arsenal, où l'on fabriquait la poudre pour les munitions, surnommé « Salpêtrière ». En 1684, il fit ajouter une nouvelle annexe pour loger les femmes d'une maison de force. À la veille de 1789, l'hôpital pouvait recevoir dix mille malades (c'était le plus grand hospice du monde) et la prison comptait plus de trois cents détenus.
Regroupé actuellement avec l'hôpital de la Pitié, il est actuellement l'un des centres hospitaliers universitaires parisiens, appelé Groupe hospitalier de la Pitié-Salpêtrière.
[EN] Today, it is one of Europe's largest hospitals.
The Salpêtrière was originally a gunpowder factory ("salpêtre" being a constituent of gunpowder), but was converted to a dumping ground for the poor of Paris. It served as a prison for prostitutes, and a holding place for the mentally disabled, criminally insane, epileptics, and the poor; it was also notable for its famous population of rats.
In 1656, Louis XIV charged the architect Libéral Bruant to build a hospital on the location of the factory, founding the Hospice de la Salpêtrière. The building was expanded in 1684.
By the eve of the Revolution, it had become the world's largest hospital, with a capacity of 10,000 patients plus 300 prisoners, largely prostitutes swept from the streets of Paris. From La Salpêtrière they were paired with convicts and forcibly expatriated to New France.
In the first half of the 19th century, the first humanitarian reforms in the treatment of the violently insane were initiated here by Philippe Pinel, friend of the Encyclopédistes; his sculptural monument stands before the main entrance in Place Marie-Curie, Boulevard de L'Hôpital. Later, when Dr. Jean-Martin Charcot took over the department, the Salpêtrière became world famous as a psychiatric centre. Charcot is often credited as the founder of modern neurology. His teaching activities on the Salpêtrière's wards helped to elucidate the natural history and pathophysiology of many human illnesses including neurosyphilis, epilepsy, and stroke. Students came from all over Europe to listen to Charcot's lectures. Among them was a young student by the name of Sigmund Freud.
Diana, Princess of Wales died in the Salpêtrière, as well as Josephine Baker.
Address:
47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital
Paris, France
75013
Website: [Web Link]
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