Vipava je naselje in središče istoimenske občine, ki leži v zgornjem delu Vipavske doline, ob številnih izvirih reke reke Vipave, ki ima kot edina reka v Evropi deltast izvir. Zaradi številnosti izvirov so prebivalci zgradili 25 mostov; najimenitnejši in najstarejši je most za Lanthierjevo graščino. Prav zaradi mnogih mostov pravijo kraju tudi male oziroma slovenske Benetke. Domačini in prebivalci okoliških vasi pa Vipavi še danes radi rečejo kar trg. Pod tem imenom je kraj zapisan v dokumentu iz leta 1367, ko so tržani dobili pravico do svojega sejma.
Zgodovina
Prvi prebivalci Vipave so bili Kelti. Od tod tudi njeno ime; beseda Vipava izhaja iz dveh keltskih besed: »wip« (ta beseda pomeni dolina, pokrajina) in »ach« (skala, kamen), v prostem prevodu iz keltščine: dolina pod skalami. Arheološka odkritja pričaje, da je bila v Vipavi tudi rimska naselbina. Leta 394 je najverjetneje nekje v bližini potekala za krščanstvo pomembna bitka pri Mrzli reki (danes najverjetneje reka Vipava), kjer je vzhodnorimski cesar Teodozij I. s pomočjo vipavske burje porazil uzurpatorja Evgenija.
O zgodovinski pomembnosti Vipave priča predvsem vrsta gradov. Tu so živele premožne plemiške družine: Herbersteini, Thurni, Edlingi, Baumkirchnerji in kot zadnja plemiška rodbina Lanthierji. O njihovem bivanju pričajo razvaline Starega gradu nad Vipavo, na strmem pobočju Nanosa, Grad Tabor in Lanthierjev dvorec v središču Vipave, ki je dobil baročno podobo v 18. stoletju. Na razglednem gričku severozahodno od Vipave so si Lanthierji v 17. stoletju zgradili lovski dvorec Zemono, ki je danes ena redkih povsem ohranjenih renesančnih stavb v Sloveniji.
Seznam osebnosti iz občine Vipava
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Vipava is a town in western Slovenia. It is the largest settlement and the seat of the Municipality of Vipava. Vipava is located near the numerous sources of the Vipava River, in the upper Vipava Valley. Historically, it used to be a part of the traditional region of Inner Carniola, but it is now generally regarded as part of the Slovenian Littoral.
History
The region around the town was probably settled by the Illyrians and Celts in the pre-Roman era. Some trace the name Vipava to the Celtic root vip (river). In 394, the Battle of the Frigidus took place in the vicinity of the town. In the late 6th century, Slavic tribes, ancestors of modern Slovenes, settled the area. In the late 8th century, the Vipava Valleywas included in the Frankish Empire and the Christianization of Slovenes started.
In the Middle Ages, the valley was first included in the Duchy of Friuli. Between 1340 and 1355, Vipava and its surroundings were constantly contended between the Counts of Gorizia, the Patriarches of Aquileia and the Habsburg Duchy of Carniola. Modern Vipava was first mentioned in 1367. In the same period, it was finally included in the County of Gorizia. After a short Venetian interim, Vipava fell under the Habsburg domain in 1501 and in 1535 it was included in Carniola. In the mid-16th century, it emerged as an important center of the Protestant Reformation. It remained part of Carniola until 1918, when it was occupied by the Italian troops and annexed to the Kingdom of Italy.
In the period between 1922 and 1943, it was subjected to a violent policy of Fascist Italianization. Many locals joined the militant antifascist organization TIGR. During World War II, the entire area became an important center of Partisan resistance. In 1945, it was liberated by Partisan troops and in 1947 it became part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and of independent Slovenia in 1991.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Vipava include:
Source: Wikipedia