MEMORIAL DETAILS
The memorial commemorates loss at sea for WW1 (1914-1918) and WW2 (1939-1945). It was dedicated on 11 November 1997. The sandstone classical Tuscan style column is 20 metres high, tapering from 3.5 metres at the bottom to 2.5m at the top. Set on the ground round the column are 11 plaques which bear names in two columns on each – 718 names in total. The Inscription is: ‘In memory of all those who lost their lives at sea.’
The column had a previous life… as a light erected in 1839 in Seaton Carew. It became surrounded by industrial buildings and was moved to its current site.
ROCK DETAILS
There are three main categories of rocks based on how they were formed.
1. SEDIMENTARY
Sedimentary rocks are formed in three stages:
i) Sedimentation
Sediment is ‘matter’ that settles or is ‘deposited’ at the bottom of usually a liquid – like a lake or sea. This sediment can include minerals, small pieces of plants and other organic matter.
ii) Compaction
The weight of the sediments on top squashes the sediments at the bottom. This is called compaction. The water is squeezed out from between the pieces of rock and crystals of different salts form.
iii) Cementation
The crystals form a sort of ‘glue’ that sticks or cements the pieces of rock together. This process is called cementation.
These processes eventually make a type of rock called sedimentary rock. It may take millions of years for sedimentary rocks to form.
Sedimentary rocks forms layers called strata which can often be seen in exposed cliffs. Sedimentary rocks cover the majority of the Earth's rocky surface but only make up a small percentage of the Earth’s crust compared to metamorphic and igneous types of rocks.
Examples of sedimentary rocks include limestone, sandstone, mudstone, greywacke, chalk, coal, claystone and flint.
Limestone forms the metamorphic rock marble when subjected to extreme heat and pressure over time (metamorphism) – see below for more details.
2. IGNEOUS
Molten rock usually located deep within the mantle of the Earth that occasionally comes to the surface through cracks in the mantle or through the eruption of volcanoes is called Magma. Igneous rock is formed when magma cools and solidifies, it may do this above or below the Earth's surface. Igneous comes from the Latin word ignis meaning fire.
The upper section of the Earth's crust is made up of around 95% igneous rock.
Igneous rocks contain randomly arranged interlocking crystals. The size of the crystals depends on how quickly the molten magma solidified. The more slowly the magma cools, the bigger the crystals.
There are many different types of igneous rocks with granite and basalt being examples.
3. METAMORPHIC
Metamorphic rocks are formed from other types of rock through extreme heat and or pressure. The minerals they contain are changed chemically or physically.
The change can happen through heat from the Earth’s interior, through the pressure of the movement of the tectonic plates, or just the sheer weight of the material above it.
As noted above limestone metamorphoses into marble. Similarly granulite is a metamorphic rock from basalt.
The memorial itself is made from Sandstone (a sedimentary rock) and the plaques are made from Marble (a metamorphic rock).
ALL required tasks MUST be completed in order to earn this EarthCache. If you submit a log without meeting the requirements, your log will be DELETED. To get credit for this EarthCache, complete the following tasks:
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Why do you think marble was chosen as the stone for the plaques and not sandstone?
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Describe the sandstone (feel, colour, grains etc)
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Looking at the various sandstone blocks, do you think it came from the same source/quarry? Explain your answer.
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Name the person above and below H.G. Abigail on the plaque.
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OPTIONAL: Please post a picture at or near the posted co-ordinates.
Message me (using email or the Message Center) your answers to the tasks. DO NOT post answers in your log. After completing ALL the requirements, log your find. I will respond with any queries.
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The series is dedicated to those who fought for their country. "We will remember them!”
If anyone would like to place a War Memorial Cache of your own then please do so. We would ask if you do so please contact Just-us-Two through their profile page or justustwo1013@gmail.com so they can keep track of the numbers
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*****PLEASE NOTE IMPORTANT *****
****PHYSICAL CACHES ARE NOT ALLOWED TO BE PLACED ON THE ACTUAL MEMORIAL OR WITHIN THE BOUNDARY OF SUCH MEMORIALS. AT ALL TIMES PLEASE TREAT LOCATIONS OF MEMORIALS WITH RESPECT. ****