CZ
Lachtan jihoafrický (Arctocephalus pusillus)
Lachtan jihoafrický je šelma z celedi lachtanovití. Samec je velký 180–230 cm, samice 140–180 cm, dospelý jedinec samec váží okolo 200–350 kg, samice 60–120 kg.
rád - šelmy (Carnivora)
celed - lachtanovití (Otariidae)
Zpusob života
Doba párení pripadá na listopad a prosinec. Rodí jedno mláde a samice je brezí 51 týdnu. Oplodnené vajícko se z toho asi 4 mesíce nevyvíjí. Mláde bývá obvykle pouze jedno. Samice ho kojí približne rok. Nemuže do vody, protože jeho srst nemá ochranu a utopilo by se. Toto období trvá asi dva mesíce. V dobe rozmnožování se vyskytují na souši. Když jsou malí lachtani schopní plavat, na souš se vrací zrídka. Na rozdíl od tulenovitých mají lachtanovití uši a rozdelenou ploutev. Zadržují v krvi kyslík a dovedou s ním ve vode šetrit. Dech zadrží i na pul hodiny. Plavou i v hloubce 200 m. Jejich nozdry a boltce se mohou uzavrít. Potopí-li se, tep jim klesne ze 150 na 10 za minutu. Živí se predevším lovem morských ryb a hlavonožcu. Prumerná délka života je 15–20 let, v lidské péci až 30 let. Vyznacují se velkou hravostí. Hrají si napr. s kamínky, které vynášejí ze dna, pustí a znovu je chytají. Pri obrane mládat však mohou cloveka v prírode i napadnout. Puvodní výskyt je na jižním pobreží Afriky, Austrálie, Tasmánie. Velké kolonie nalezneme na pobreží a na skalnatých ostruvcích, charakteristický je silný zápach trusu šírící se do okolí. Kolonie cítají i nekolik tisíc jedincu, kde si samci hájí svuj harém, který cítá nekolik samic.
Hlavní rozdíly mezi lachtanem a tulenem
Lachtani
• po souši se pohybují snáze než tuleni
• mají ušní boltce
• spí na souši
• mužeme je videt v cirkuse, protože jsou velmi ucenliví (to jsou ti jak je známe z obrázku kde balancují s mícem na nose)
Tuleni
• zadní ploutve trvale smerují dozadu - urcené pouze ke kormidlování
• nemají ušní boltce
• spí pod vodou
Nová expozice
V kvetnu 2009 otevrela ZOO Praha novou expozici lachtanu jihoafrických. Ti se návštevníkum ukázali po více než rocní pauze v novém pavilonu, který imituje skalnaté morské pobreží. Podle reditele Petra Fejka je otevrení expozice nejvýznamnejší akcí pražské zoo v tomto roce. Pavilon se prestavoval od února 2008 a úpravy stály 39 milionu. Cást ploutvonožcu se na dobu oprav prestehovala do Ústí nad Labem, nekterí zustali v neverejné cásti pražské zoologické zahrady. Nyní se lachtani dockali bazénu o velikosti témer 400 metru ctverecních s vodní skluzavkou.
Neco o kesi
Kes je velikosti micro, klasicka petka, nachazi na relativne frekventovanem miste, proto doporucujeme odlov v rannich hodinach nebo tesne pred zaviraci dobou ZOO. Kes prosim po vraceni dostatecne zakryjte. Budeme radi, kdyz k logu prilozite zajimavou fotku lachtanu.
EN
South African Four Seal (Arctocephalus pusillus)
The Brown Fur Seal (Arctocephalus pusillus), also known as the Cape Fur Seal, South African Fur Seal and the Australian Fur Seal) is a species of fur seal. It has a large broad head and a pointed snout. Males are brown to dark gray with a darker mane and a light underside. They grow up to 2.2m (7ft) and weigh around 200-360 kg (440-800lb). Females are gray to light brown with a dark underside and light throat. They grow up to 1.7m (5ft) and weigh on average 120kg (260lbs). Pups are black at birth but turn gray with a pale throat after molting. They are capable of diving to a depth of 600 meters (2000ft).
order - Carnivora
family- Otariidae
Behavior and reproduction
Although Brown Fur Seals normally travel alone, large group of these seals can be seen rafting in kelp beds. Pregnant females will stay 7 weeks away from the land before the breeding season. Brown Fur Seals breed in mid-October. Unlike many eared seal species, females are free to choose their mate and he is judged based on the value of his territory. Both males and females fight for territories with individuals of the same sex. Females have smaller territories and a male's territory may overlap that of several females. A harem may consist of 50 females for one male. Brown Fur Seal colony at Cape CrossPups are usually born between late November and early December. After they are born the females start to mate with their harem leaders. The female spends the next several months foraging at sea and nursing her pup, who is weaned at four months old. The pups begin swimming at an early age and the time they spend in the water increases as the pup learns more. By seven months the pup can swim for two to three days at a time. The Brown Fur Seal's main predator is the Great white shark. In False Bay, the seals employ a number of anti-predatory strategies while in shark-infested waters such as: Swimming in large groups, low porpoising; to increase sub-surface vigilance, darting in different directions to cause confusion when attacked. It rides near the dorsal fin to keep out of reach of the shark's jaws when attacked.
Main differences between Fur Seal and Sea-dog
Fur Seals
• they move easier on the ground
• they have got ear lobes
• they sleep on the ground
• we can see them on circus show, because they are pretty teachable
Sea-dogs (Sea-calfs)
• their back-flippers are permanently back-directed - they serve only for steerage
• they have no ear lobes
• they sleep under water
New open-yard
Prague ZOO opened a new open-yeard for seals on May 2009. Fur seals showed for customers after a year in this new yard, which imitates the rocky shore. Director of the ZOO Petr Fejk said that opening of this yard was the most important ZOO event of the year. The yard was built since February 2008 and cost about 1,5 million euro. Some of the seals were moved to other city during this renovation, some of the other remained in Prague in the closed part of ZOO. Now the seals can enjoy a pretty new yard about 400 square meters large.
About the cache
It is a micro cylindric type of cache. It is placed on quite frequent spot with plenty of muggles, that's the reason why we recommend to hunt it in the morning or around closing time of the ZOO. Please cover the cache after your log carefully. We appreciate some interesting pictures of seals in the logs.
