"Zelezna" historie Vysociny
Polnicka
Tato kes vas zavede do vesnice, kde se, bez prehaneni, psaly dejiny ceskeho hutnictvi.
(Uvedene souradnice jsou POUZE souradnicemi parkoviste!!!)
Rekne-li se "Vysocina", asi si kazdy z nas predstavi krasnou, i kdyz trochu drsnou, prirodu.
Dal se nase predstavy mohou rozchazet, podle toho, co kazdy z Vysociny zname.
Je tu ale minulost a historie, ktera plati pro nas vsechny stejne.
Ta „vysocinska“ je jednoznacne nejvice spojena s HUTNICTVIM A VYROBOU ZELEZA.
Vyrobky mistnich zelezaren kdysi putovaly do cele tehdejsi Evropy.
Metalurgie zeleza zde trvala nepretrzite od poloviny 14. do konce 19. stoleti.
O Polnicce z hlediska historie hutnictvi
Verte nebo ne, Polnicka, byla jednou z nejstarsich zelezarskych oblasti vubec. Zacalo to tu v prvni polovine 15. stoleti, kdy byl postaven a provozovan hamr Kaspara Kytsmida. Pozdeji tu bylo v provozu nekolik hamru a mlynu, ktere pohanela voda ze zdejsich rybniku - Velke Darko, Zelezny, Stribrny, Hamersky a Novy. Pozitivni vliv na rozvoj hutnictvi v Polnicce a okoli mel rod Dietrichsteinu, ktery tu vladl.
Pak prisla VYSOKA PEC. Byla v provozu od roku 1653 do konce roku 1862. Spravu pece mel zpocatku na starosti mistni cisterciansky klaster, pozdeji byla pec pronajimana. Jako topivo se pouzivala mistni raselina. Zelezna ruda – vychozi surovina – se tezila v polenskem panstvi.
V letech 1828-29 byla vysoka pec v Polnicce zrekonstuovana a zmodernizovana. V regionu – Polnicka, Ransko a okoli, uz tehdy tak pracovaly 3 vysoke pece. Roku 1838 zacal nemecky inzenyr Tischbein dokonce stavet v Polnicce VALCOVNU!!! - valcovnu kolejnic. Jeji provoz by zahajen roku 1839. Valcovaly se tri druhy kolejnic a ty potom putovaly na stavby po cele Evrope.
Na Ransku mezitim postavili dalsi pec a tak roku 1847 tu uz byly 4 vysoke pece a co do mnozstvi vyrobeneho zeleza se region stal 2. nejvetsim v Cechach.
Od roku 1848 se v Polnice vyrabely i zbrane. Polnicske zelezarny produkovaly kvalitni vyrobky pocinaje zamecnickym zelezem, pres soustruovane vozni osy a odlevana pouzdra az po vodovodni a plynove roury. Vyrabely se take vetsi strojni casti, ktere se vyvazely do Brna a do Vidne.
Jakozto vyrobce rozmanitych litych a kovanych vyrobku, byly Polnicske zelezarny (spolu s Ranskymi) roku 1845 na Videnske prumyslove vystave oceneny zlatou medaili.
V polovine 19.stoleti doslo k utlumu vyroby z duvodu nedostatku paliva (dreva) vody a nakonec i lozisek kvalitni zelezne rudy. Valcovna pracovala az do roku 1859, kdy vyhorela a uz nikdy potom nebyla obnovena. Koncem roku 1862 byla cela vyroba v Polnicce zastavena a v roce 1865 byl podnik zrusen uplne.
Lide ztratili praci. Odesli jinam, nekteri odcestovali az do Ameriky.
Co je vasim ukolem?
Urcete hmotnost zavazi dle zadani pana tovarnika. Mozna vam pomohou vypocty mladeho uchazece o misto konstruktera v Tischbeinove valcovne. Krasopis to ale rozhodne neni. Take byl asi dost nervozni .....
Vysledek "M" zaokrouhlete na CELE CISLO
SOURADNICE FINALKY
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N 49° 36. (430 + M )
E 015° 54. (915 + M )
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Poznamka na zaver
Keska je "SMOOOL" a ma slouzit POUZE k ukladani/vymene mensich TB ci GC.
Prosime, nevkladejte nic jineho. Dekujeme
Prejeme pekny vylet a uspesny odlov
================================= E N G L I S H ====================================
"Iron" history of Vysocina
Polnicka
About the series, why it emerged and what it contains?
A term „Vysocina (Highlands)“, to most of us, stands for a beautiful, maybe a bit harsh, nature. Then, we may start thinking of great variety of things depending on what each of us has ever come accross here. Nontheless the past and the history always equally applies to all of us.
That of Vysocina is most of all linked with the metallurgy and iron production. Products of local ironworks were being sold all over the Europe. The history of metallurgy lasted unremittingly from the half of 14th century till the end of 19th century.
About Polnicka from the metallurgy point of view
Believe or not, Polnicka used to rank among the oldest centers of metallurgy in the country of all times. It all here begun in the first half of the 15th century by bulding and running up a mill owned by Kaspar Kytsmid. Later, there were several mills and forgeries in operation, making use of water from local ponds of Velke Darko, Zelezny, Stribrny, Hamersky a Novy as a driving force. Very positive influence on the developement of the iron industry here had a family of Dietrichstein which was rulling the region at that time.
In 1653 a new blast furnace was built. It was in a continuous operation until the end of year 1862. The furnace was originally run by a local cictercian monastery but later it was being rented. Local peat bog matter served as a fuel and iron ore, mined in the polenske manor, as a source material.
In 1828-29 the furnace was revamped. There were already 3 blast furnaces all together with the two furnaces in Ransko running in the region at that time. In 1838, a German engineer Tischbein, started to built a rolling mill producing rails. Another shops followed. The rails of 3 kinds were being sold to the customers all around the Europe.
Meanwhile, one more blast furnace was built in Ransko which, together with the three existing ones, represented a power of 4 blast furnaces within the region in 1847. The works in Polnicka and Ransko ranked second among the biggest plants in Bohemia.
The Polnicka's works also produced weapons in 1847, but mainly it was a producer of great variety of products ranging from locksmithing ones through the turned carriage shafts and cast bushings up to the water and gas pipings. Besides this, sizeable machine parts were produced here in the works to be sold in Brno and Vienna.
By the amount of production, the Polnicka's iron works together with the ones in Ransko ranked third within the largest iron producers in Czechia and Moravia and as such they were awarded a Gold medal on the industrial exhibition in Vienna in 1845.
Second half of the 19th century marked a dramatic slowdown in production due to the lack of wood, water and iron ore resources. The rolling mill had been in operation until the end of 1859 when it burnt out and was never rebuilt again. The production in Polnicka was brought to a halt in 1862. In 1865 the plant was shut down completely.
People lost their jobs, fled the region - some of them as far as America
What are you supposed to do?
Figure out the weight of the counterweight as set by the factory owner. You may consult the calculations of the young job candidate of the Tischbein's rolling mill. Not very legible as you can see. He might have been a bit nervous too ... Round "M" to a NATURAL number
FINAL CO-ORDINATES
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N 49° 36.(430 + M)
E 015° 54.(915 + M)
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A final note:
The cache is of small size. Have it contain small TBs/GCs only. Thanks
Have a good trip