LT: 1940 m. liepa TSRS gynybos komisaras maršalas
S.Timošenko pasiraše direktyva, nurodancia palei visa
Vokietijos siena sukurti šiuolaikiška gynybine
linija, gavusia neoficialu "Molotovo linijos" pavadinima.
Linijos statyba Lietuvoje prasidejo po Baltijos šaliu
aneksijos.
1941 m. kovo menesi buvo baigti projektavimo darbai ir jau
balandžio menesi prasidejo keturiu Lietuvos itvirtinimu rajonu
statyba. Bendras fronto ilgis Lietuvoje turejo buti 328 km.
Iš viso buvo pastatytas 101 bunkeris, bet iki karo
pradžios ne vienas ju taip ir nebuvo užbaigtas.
Dabartineje Lietuvos teritorijoje "Molotovo linija" sudare 4
itvirtinimu rajonai: Telšiu, Šiauliu, Kauno ir
Alytaus.
Telšiu itvirtinimu rajona sudare 8 itvirtinimu punktai.
Linija driekesi nuo Palangos iki Judrenu (Klaipedos raj.),
iš viso 75 km. Buvo planuojama pastatyti 366 bunkerius,
taciau speta pastatyti 23.
Šiauliu itvirtinimu rajona sudare 6 itvirtinimu punktai.
Linija driekesi nuo Pajurio (Šilales raj.) iki Jurbarko
– iš viso apie 90km. Buvo planuojama pastatyti 403
bunkerius, speta pastatyti 27.
Kauno itvirtinimu rajona sudare 10 itvirtinimu punktu. Linija
driekesi nuo Jurbarko iki Kalvarijos – apie 105 km. Iš
planuotu 599 bunkeriu speta pastatyti 31.
Alytaus itvirtinimu rajona sudare 5 itvirtinimu punktai. Linija
driekesi nuo Kalvarijos iki dabartines sienos su Baltarusija apie
60 km. Buvo planuojama pastatyti 273 bunkerius, speta pastatyti
20.
EN: The so-called "Molotov Line" was a system of
fortifications built by the Soviet Union in the years 1940-1941,
along its new western border after it annexed the Baltic States,
Eastern Poland and Bessarabia. This territorial expansion was the
direct result of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact, signed on the Soviet
side by Vyacheslav Molotov, hence the name Molotov Line. The name
is informal and has come into use relatively recently. It was
popularised by the writings of Viktor Suvorov, notably by his book
Icebreaker.
Each fortified region (in Russian ukreplennyi raion, or UR)
consisted of a large number of concrete bunkers (pillboxes) housing
machineguns, antitank guns and artillery. The bunkers were built in
groups for mutual support, each group forming a centre of
resistance. A dedicated military unit was permanently assigned to
man each region.
When Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941 during
the course of Operation Barbarossa, most of the line was not yet
finished, and hence posed a negligible obstacle to the invading
forces. Only the four southernmost regions, partly completed, were
able to hamper the advance of the Wehrmacht for a few days.
In Lithuania the line was divided into four fortified
regions:
1. Telšiai fortified region (line from Palanga to Judrenai,
75 kilometers, 8 centers of resistance, 23 bunkers built and 366
under construction on June 22, 1941).
2. Šiauliai fortified region (line from Pajuris to
Jurbarkas, 90 kilometers, 6 centers of resistance, 27 bunkers built
and 403 under construction).
3. Kaunas fortified region (line from Jurbarkas to Kalvarija, 105
kilometers, 10 centers of resistance, 31 bunkers built and 599
under construction).
4. Alytus fortified region (line from Kalvarija to border of
Belorussia 57 kilometers, 5 centers of resistance, 20 bunkers built
and 273 under construction).
Overall 101 bunkers were built, but not fully completed, in
Lithuania. They were built badly however and were neutralised
quickly by throwing grenades or burning fuel into periscope shafts,
which were absolutely unprotected.
LT: Jei žinote kitu vietu, kur yra bunkeriai (GPS
koordinates), prašom
pranešti man ir aš patalpinsiu jas šiame
puslapyje.
EN: If you know other bunkers places (GPS coordinates),
please
send me a message, and I shall publish WP here.