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Jakovs Kuļņevs - Ludzas cilvēki Traditional Geocache

Hidden : 12/25/2017
Difficulty:
2 out of 5
Terrain:
1.5 out of 5

Size: Size:   micro (micro)

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Geocache Description:


(LAT) Ar šo slēpni tiek uzsākta slēpņu sērija “Ludzas cilvēki”.

Mēs atceramies un zinām par mūsu lielajām personībām, kas veidoja valsti, veicināja kultūru un saimniecisko attīstību. Bet mēs varam būt lepni arī par personībām, kas deva ieguldījumu Ludzas rajona, novada, apariņķa attīstībā. Viņi bija dažādu tautību, dažādu profesiju un nodarbošanos cilvēki, dažādus politiskos uzskatus pārstāvošie. Bez viņiem Ludza nebūtu tāda, kāda tā bija, ir un būs.

Ap Lielo Ludzas ezeru izvietoti dažādi slēpņi, kas veltīti Ludzas cilvēkiem. Ja zināt vēl kādus faktus par viņiem, pierakstiet tos savos logos vai atsūtiet autoriem, tie tiks pievienoti aprakstam. Šī slēpņu sērija nav pabeigta. Tā arī nekad netiks pabeigta, jo tiks papildināta un papildināta. Jo arī Ludzas cilvēki turpina strādāt un pārsteigt savu pilsētu, novadu, valsti, pasauli.

(ENG) This is the beginning of the series of geocaches "People of Ludza".
We are proud of the famous people of Ludza. They were people of different nationalities, different occupations, different talents, representing different political views. Without them, Ludza would not be what it was, is and will be.

Around the Lielais Ludza’s Lake there are various geocaches dedicated to the people of Ludza. This trail is not finished. It will never be completed as it will be continued and continued. As Ludza’s people continue to work and surprise their town, county, country, world.

(LAT) Šis slēpnis ietilpst slēpņu sērijā “Ludzas cilvēki”.  Slēpnis veltīts 1812. gada varonim ģenerālmajoram Jakovam Kuļņevam, kurš ir dzimis Ludzā. Slēpnis ir PET konteineris, kurā ievietota viesu grāmata. (BYOP)

(ENG) This cache belongs to series of geocaches “People of Ludza”. The cache is dedicated to the hero of the year 1812 – Major General Jakov Kulnev who was born  in Ludza. The cache is a PET container containing a guestbook. (BYOP)


(LAT)
Kuļņevi pieder senai dzimtai, kura bija pazīstama jau 15.gs. un vēlāk sadalījusies 3 atzarojumos: Novgorodas, Smoļenskas un Kalugas. Jakovs Kuļņevs ir dzimis Ludzā 1763. gada 25. jūlijā (6.augustā), kritis kaujā 1812. gada 20.jūlijā (1. augustā) pie Kļasticiem (mūsdienu Baltkrievijas teritorija). Pēc Latgales pievienošanas Krievijas impērijai 1772. gadā viņa tēvs Pēteris Kuļņevs  kļuva par Ludzas pilsētas galvu.

No 1770. līdz 1785. gadam Jakovs Kuļņevs mācījās Sanktpēterburgas Pirmajā Kadetu korpusā. Piedalījies Krievijas – Turcijas karos (1787.-91., 1810.-11.), T.Kostjuško sacelšanās apspiešanā (t.s. Polijas kampaņā 1794.), karā ar Franciju (1807.), Krievijas – Zviedrijas karā (1808.-09., kad Kuļņeva vadītā vienība veica negaidītu reidu uz Zviedriju pār aizsalušo Botnijas līci).

Napoleona I iebrukuma laikā Krievijā (1812.) 1.kājnieku korpusa avangarda ģenerālmajors Kuļņevs gāja bojā kaujā pārsimts verstis no dzimtās Ludzas, apturot franču virzību uz Rīgu un Pēterburgu. Uzzinājis par viņa nāvi, Napoleons rakstīja uz Parīzi: „Vakar gāja bojā labākais krievu kavalērijas ģenerālis – Kuļņevs”.

Sākotnēji apbedīts nāves vietā. Par godu Kuļņevam uzcelta Ilzeskalna pareizticīgo baznīca, un 1832. gadā tur pārapbedīja Kuļņeva mirstīgās atliekas. Apbalvots ar Krievijas Sv.Jura ordeni (III šķ.), Sv.Vladimira ordeni (IV šķ.) un Sv.Annas ordeni (II un I šķ.).

Ludzā uzstādīts piemineklis J.Kuļņevam, kas atdrodas pie Ludzas Novadpētniecības muzeja, kas iekārtots viņa memoriālajā mājā, kurā skatāma patstāvīgā ekspozīcija, veltīta varonim. Arī iela Ludzā nosaukta J.Kuļņeva vārdā. Muzejs atrodas Kuļņeva ielā 2.

 

(ENG)

Yakov Petrovich Kulnev (6 August 1763 – 1 August 1812) was one of the most popular Russian military leaders at the time of the Napoleonic Wars. He was participant of 55 battles; he lost his life during Napoleon's invasion of Russia.

Kulnev's father was a Baltic officer of lesser noble background. In 1772 his father Peter Kulnev became major of Ludza. The future general was born in Ludza and matriculated at the Infantry School for Nobility in 1785.

He joined a hussar regiment and, under Suvorov's command, took part in the Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792 and the Polish Campaign of 1794-1795. In the Finnish War against Sweden, Kulnev led Buxhoevden's vanguard. For his part in the storm of Jakobstad he was awarded a golden sabre. He encouraged  guerrilla fighting and fought with distinction at Lapua, Kuortane, Oravais — three engagements which earned him Ordr of Saint George and the rank of Major General. Kulnev crowned the campaign by leading Bagrattion's vanguard across the frozen Baltic Sea towards the Aland Islands and thence to Grisslehamn, within 70 km from the Swedish capital, Stockholm. This daring manoeuvre forced the Swedes to seek peace at any cost.

Awarded for his courage with Order of Saint Anna of the 1st Degree, Kulnev was invited to take charge of the vanguard of the Danube Army which fought against the Turks in Bulgaria.

During theTurkish Campaignof 1810, Kulnev was one of Russia's ablest generals. His bold leadership made itself felt at Shumla, Nikopol, Rousse, and Batin, giving the campaign a character of decision it had been lacking heretofore.

After Napoleon invaded Russia in 1812, Kulnev was entrusted with defending the roads leading to the capital, Saint Peterburg. On July 3, his detachment took prisoner a French general and 200 cavalrymen.

On 18 July, he led 5,000 cavalrymen — who formed a vanguard of Wittgenstein's corps — against Marshal Oudinot in the Battle of Klyastitsy. Taking prisoner 900 enemy soldiers, Kulnev crossed the Drissa River and clashed with a major French contingent. As the Russians came under heavy artillery fire, Kulnev was struck in the legs by a cannon ball and lost both limbs. He died from the effects of wounds received at this engagement.

Originally he was buried in the place of death. In honor of Kulnevs Ilzeskalns Orthodox Church was built in 1832, and his mortial remeins buried here.  

In Ludza there is a monument of J.Kulnev. It is placed next to the Ludza Local History museum. The museum is located in J.Kulnev’s memorial house and there is a permanent exhibition, dedicated to the hero. In Ludza there is also a street named after the hero. The museum is located on Kuļņeva Street nr.2.

Additional Hints (Decrypt)

cevržh chqhevf/ cvar

Decryption Key

A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M
-------------------------
N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z

(letter above equals below, and vice versa)