Zidovska ctvrt Dol. Kounice / Jewish quarter DK Multi-cache

[CZE] Jednoducha nenarocna multina, ktera vam ukaze neco ze zajimavych mist v Dolnich Kounicich.
[ENG] Easy multi-cache showing you some interesting places of Dolni Kounice.

Pocatek zidovskeho osidleni Dolnich Kounic je spojen s rokem 1454, kdy byli vypovezeni Zide z moravskych kralovskych mest (do Kounic prisli predevsim z Brna a Znojma). Je nicmene mozne, ze nektere zidovske rodiny do Kounic prisly jiz drive, po pronasledovani Zidu v Nemecku v 2. polovine 14. stoleti. Nejstarsi doklady o zidovske obci pochazeji ze 16. stoleti, kdy se obyvatele zivili prevazne obchodem, tez vlastnili vinohrady, coz byla mistni zvlastnost. Po Tricetilete valce prichazeli Zide i z Polska, Dolniho Rakouska, Nemecka a dokonce i Nizozemska. Puvodni zidovska osada se nachazela v prostoru dnesnich ulic Tovarni a Ruzova. Po vypaleni mestecka v roce 1645 svedskymi vojsky se zidovsti osadnici rozhodli starou lokalitu opustit a zalozili si nove sidliste na zapadnim konci namesti mezi rekou Jihlavou a svahem Sibenicniho vrchu. Jako v jinych zidovskych ghettech byl uredne povolen nejvyssi pocet rodin, v Dolnich Kounicich to bylo 111 rodin. Ostatni zili v neuznanych svazcich nebo se stehovali pryc, nejcasteji do Uher... Jejich postaveni napravil az rok 1848, kdy obdrzeli plna obcanska prava. Tehdy dosahla zidovska obec sveho nejvetsiho poctu. Zilo zde 650 obyvatel, coz byla ctvrtina celkoveho poctu obyvatel Dolnich Kounic. Za nacisticke okupace byli vsichni obyvatele zidovske obce deportovani do koncentracnich taboru. Prezila pouze jedna zena – pani Ruth Kopeckova-Morgensternova. Ze slavnych rodaku zidovske obce muzeme jmenovat historika a teologa Gotharda Deutsche. Pusobil zde i rabin a historik Heinrich Flesch a zila zde rodina rakouskeho spolkoveho kanclere Bruno Kreiskeho.

Z puvodniho rozsahu 82 domu dnes stoji 34 v ulicich U synagogy, U skrobarny a Skalni. Rada domu ma barokni jadro, ale behem veku podlehala ruznym prestavbam a pristavbam casto zapricinenymi cetnymi pozary. Velka cast ctvrti byla zbourana v dusledku vystavby autobusoveho nadrazi. Ze zachovalych staveb si zaslouzi pozornost budova byvale skoly c. p. 581 v ulici U synagogy a portal s vinarskym motivem na dome c. p. 577 ve Skalni ulici.

Byla postavena v letech 1652–1655 v rane baroknim slohu a patri k nejstarsim synagogam na Morave. Synagoga ma priblizne obdelnikovy pudorys a neni orientovana do smeru svetovych stran, jak bylo obvykle, nybrz ve shode s krestanskymi kostely v mestecku. V roce 1851 byla pristavena zenska galerie s pavlaci. Od druhe svetove valky slouzila prevazne jako skladiste. V r. 1991 byla synagoga v restituci vracena Zidovske nabozenske obci v Brne, jiz patri dosud. Po dlouhych opravach byla v roce 2004 znovu zpristupnena a slouzi zejmena vystavnim a koncertnim ucelum. Nachazi se zde i mala expozice venovana historii zdejsi zidovske obce.

Byl zalozen v roce 1680 ve svahu nad ghettem. Puvodne byl pristupny ze severni strany pesi cestou. Nynejsi vchod je z jihu z ulice Trbousanske. Hrbitov je ohrazen masivni kamennou zdi. Naleza se zde asi 1500 nahrobku nepravidelne rozmistenych. Rada z nich pochazi z obdobi baroka a klasicizmu, pricemz nejstarsi se datuje k roku 1688.

Pripadnou navstevu synagogy a hrbitova je mozno si zajistit na Kulturnim a informacnim centru Mestskeho uradu v Dolnich Kounicich (tel 546 420 005).

Uvodni souradnice vas zavedou na male parkoviste, odkud pouhym okem vidite na Stage 1.

STAGE 1
N 49°04.201
E 16°27.820
stojite pred vstupem do synagogy, nad dvermi je tabulka, zjistete latinkou psany letopocet ABCD.

Odtud pokracujte na Stage 2, muzete tam budto dojet autem (ulici Hlavni a Trbousanskou), ale doporucuji si udelat malou prochazku pesky. Od synagogy se vydate vzhuru ulici Bezrucovou po cervene turisticke znacce, ktera vas dovede az na Stage 2. Po par desitkach metru cervena odbocuje z ulice Bezrucove vzhuru po upravene pesine se zabradlim, je to trosku do kopce (a je tam par schodu), ale nekteri mistni tudy jezdi i s kocarky :-) . Po desti bych to ale asi radeji nedoporucoval...

STAGE 2
N 49°04.093
E 16°27.739

stojite pred vchodem na stary zidovsky hrbitov, vpravo od vchodu je lavička - zjistete na ni pocet drevenych prvku, ze kterych je tvorena "sedací" cast. Tim ziskate cislo E (sude cislo)

Od Stage 2 je take pekny vyhled na cele Dolni Kounice - z jine strany, nez nabizi kes Rosa coeli (GCY1XA).

CACHE
N 49°04.[A][Β][C]
E 16°27.[C][C+D][E]
(zavorky nenasobit, jen za pismena dosadte zjistena cisla)

POZOR - neni nutne vchazet na hrbitov ci jinam za plot - cache se nachazi na volne pristupnem miste.
Doufam, ze se vam tu bude libit, prosim o ohleduplnost pri loveni (pohybujete se v okoli hned dvou hrbitovu) a peclive zamaskovani pri navratu kese do skryse...

The first traces of Jewish settlement in Dolni Kounice are from half of 15th century. First written note comes from 1581. The old synagogue was located on eastern part of the village and was destroyed by Swedish troops during Thirty Years' War, in 1645.A new one has been built between 1652-1656 in the middle of the new ghetto.

On the western edge of Masaryk Square there is a valuable Jewish synagogue in moresque-renaissance style from 1652 and it is one of the oldest synagogues in Moravia. The building, designed in Baroque style, has rectangular ground plan and two floors. At the half of 19th century new tract was added and used to extend tribune for women. There used to be a Jewish ghetto around the synagogue; today there are just a few preserved houses. The Jewish community was the most numerous in 1848 when there were 650 Jews living in Dolni Kounice. During World War II all 57 Jewish residents were deported to the concentration camp in Terezin. Only one lady survived – Mrs Ruth Morgenstern... After the war the synagogue was used as storehouse, the reconstruction started in 1991 and was finished in 2004. Today the synagogue also hosts small collection of Jewish historical artefacts and art exhibitions.

Above the town ,there is a Jewish cemetery from 1680 where you can find about 1500 gravestones. One of the most remarkable gravestones belongs to the Kreisky family, who were the relatives of the Austrian ex-chancellor Bruno Kreisky who visited Dolni Kounice.

Cache
On starting coordinates there is a litle parking place. You can see the Stage 1 from this point.

STAGE 1
N 49°04.201
E 16°27.820
You are standing in front of the entrance into the synagogue. Find era (written in Roman letters) above the door = ABCD

Go to the Stage 2. You can go by car, but it is better to take a walk follow the red hiking signs up to the Stage 2.

STAGE 2
N 49°04.093
E 16°27.739
You are standing in front of the entrance into the jewish cemetery . Count the number of wooden elements on a nearby bench - the number = E (even number).

CACHE
N 49°04.[A][Β][C]
E 16°27.[C][C+D][E]

ATTENTION - it is not necessary to search into the cemetery - the cache is hidden in a freely accessible place.
Please, be considerate when searching for the cache. You will move round two cemeteries. Mask the cache properly after putting it back into its place. Thanks.